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七年级数学解答题一般
题目
如图11,在平面直角坐标系中,点AABB在坐标轴上,其中A(0,a).B(b,0)A\left(0,a\right).B\left(b,0\right),且满足a3+b4=0|a-3|+\sqrt{b-4}=0.
(1)(1)AABB两点的坐标;
(2)(2)将线段ABAB平移到CDCD.点AA的对应点是C(4.0)C\left(-4.0\right).点BB的对应点是DD.且CCDD两点也在坐标轴上,过点OO作直线OMABOM\bot AB,垂足为MM,交CDCD于点NN.请在图11中画出图形,直接写出点DD的坐标,并证明MNCDMN\bot CD
(3)(3)如图22,将ABAB平移到CDCD、点AA对应点C(2,m)C\left(-2,m\right),连接ACACBC.BCBC.BCyy轴于点EE,若ABC\triangle ABC的面积等于1212,求点EE的坐标及mm的值.
知识点:绝对值的性质、非负数的性质——算术平方根、作图——平移变换章节:第3章 实数 / 3.1 平方根

答案与解析

答案

(1)a3+b4=0\left(1\right)\because |a-3|+\sqrt{b-4}=0
a3=0\therefore a-3=0,且b4=0b-4=0
a=3\therefore a=3b=4b=4
\thereforeAA的坐标为(0,3)\left(0,3\right),点BB的坐标为(4,0)\left(4,0\right)
(2)(2)如图11由平移的性质可知:ABABCDCDAB=CDAB=CD
ABO=DCO\therefore \angle ABO=\angle DCO
OMAB\because OM\bot AB
OMCD\therefore OM\bot CD
MNCDMN\bot CD.
AOB\triangle AOBDOC\triangle DOC中,
{AOB=DOCABO=DCOAB=DC\left\{\begin{array}{l}{∠AOB=∠DOC}\\{∠ABO=∠DCO}\\{AB=DC}\end{array}\right.
AOB\therefore \triangle AOBDOC(AAS)\triangle DOC\left(AAS\right)
OA=OD=3\therefore OA=OD=3
D(0,3)\therefore D\left(0,-3\right).
(3)(3)如图22,过点CCCFyCF\bot y轴于点FF
由(1)可知,AABB两点的坐标为(0,3)\left(0,3\right)(4,0)\left(4,0\right)
OA=3\therefore OA=3OB=4OB=4
\becauseCC的坐标为(2,m)\left(-2,m\right)
CF=2\therefore CF=2OF=mOF=-m
ABC\because \triangle ABC的面积等于1212
SACE+SABE=12\therefore S_{\triangle ACE}+S_{\triangle ABE}=12
12AECF+12AEOB=12\therefore \frac{1}{2}AE\cdot CF+\frac{1}{2}AE\cdot OB=12
12(3+OE)×2+12×(3+OE)×4=12\frac{1}{2}\left(3+OE\right)\times 2+\frac{1}{2}\times \left(3+OE\right)\times 4=12
解得:OE=1OE=1
\thereforeEE的坐标为(0,1)\left(0,-1\right).
BBBGCFBG\bot CFGG,过AAAHBGAH\bot BGHH
AHAHCGCGOF=BGOF=BGAH=FG=OB=4AH=FG=OB=4BH=OA=3BH=OA=3
CG=CF+FG=6\therefore CG=CF+FG=6
ABC\because \triangle ABC的面积等于1212
S梯形AHGCSABHSBCG=SABC=12\therefore S_{梯形AHGC}-S_{\triangle ABH}-S_{\triangle BCG}=S_{\triangle ABC}=12
12×(4+6)×(3+OF)12×3×412×6OF=12\frac{1}{2}\times \left(4+6\right)\times \left(3+OF\right)-\frac{1}{2}\times 3\times 4-\frac{1}{2}\times 6\cdot OF=12
解得:OF=32OF=\frac{3}{2}
m=32\therefore -m=\frac{3}{2}
m=32\therefore m=-\frac{3}{2}
即点EE的坐标为(0,1)\left(0,-1\right)mm的值为32-\frac{3}{2}.

解析

(1)a3+b4=0\left(1\right)\because |a-3|+\sqrt{b-4}=0
a3=0\therefore a-3=0,且b4=0b-4=0
a=3\therefore a=3b=4b=4
\thereforeAA的坐标为(0,3)\left(0,3\right),点BB的坐标为(4,0)\left(4,0\right)
(2)(2)如图11由平移的性质可知:ABABCDCDAB=CDAB=CD
ABO=DCO\therefore \angle ABO=\angle DCO
OMAB\because OM\bot AB
OMCD\therefore OM\bot CD
MNCDMN\bot CD.
AOB\triangle AOBDOC\triangle DOC中,
{AOB=DOCABO=DCOAB=DC\left\{\begin{array}{l}{∠AOB=∠DOC}\\{∠ABO=∠DCO}\\{AB=DC}\end{array}\right.
AOB\therefore \triangle AOBDOC(AAS)\triangle DOC\left(AAS\right)
OA=OD=3\therefore OA=OD=3
D(0,3)\therefore D\left(0,-3\right).
(3)(3)如图22,过点CCCFyCF\bot y轴于点FF
由(1)可知,AABB两点的坐标为(0,3)\left(0,3\right)(4,0)\left(4,0\right)
OA=3\therefore OA=3OB=4OB=4
\becauseCC的坐标为(2,m)\left(-2,m\right)
CF=2\therefore CF=2OF=mOF=-m
ABC\because \triangle ABC的面积等于1212
SACE+SABE=12\therefore S_{\triangle ACE}+S_{\triangle ABE}=12
12AECF+12AEOB=12\therefore \frac{1}{2}AE\cdot CF+\frac{1}{2}AE\cdot OB=12
12(3+OE)×2+12×(3+OE)×4=12\frac{1}{2}\left(3+OE\right)\times 2+\frac{1}{2}\times \left(3+OE\right)\times 4=12
解得:OE=1OE=1
\thereforeEE的坐标为(0,1)\left(0,-1\right).
BBBGCFBG\bot CFGG,过AAAHBGAH\bot BGHH
AHAHCGCGOF=BGOF=BGAH=FG=OB=4AH=FG=OB=4BH=OA=3BH=OA=3
CG=CF+FG=6\therefore CG=CF+FG=6
ABC\because \triangle ABC的面积等于1212
S梯形AHGCSABHSBCG=SABC=12\therefore S_{梯形AHGC}-S_{\triangle ABH}-S_{\triangle BCG}=S_{\triangle ABC}=12
12×(4+6)×(3+OF)12×3×412×6OF=12\frac{1}{2}\times \left(4+6\right)\times \left(3+OF\right)-\frac{1}{2}\times 3\times 4-\frac{1}{2}\times 6\cdot OF=12
解得:OF=32OF=\frac{3}{2}
m=32\therefore -m=\frac{3}{2}
m=32\therefore m=-\frac{3}{2}
即点EE的坐标为(0,1)\left(0,-1\right)mm的值为32-\frac{3}{2}.

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