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九年级数学解答题一般
题目
如图,抛物线y=12x2+2x6y=\frac{1}{2}{x}^{2}+2x-6xx轴交于AA,BB两点(点AA在点BB的左侧),与yy轴交于点CC,连接ACAC,BCBC.
(1)(1)AABB,CC三点的坐标;
(2)(2)求直线BCBC的函数表达式;
(3)(3)PP是直线ACAC下方抛物线上的一个动点,过点PPBCBC的平行线ll,交线段ACAC于点DD.在直线ll上是否存在点EE,使得以点DD,CC,BB,EE为顶点的四边形为菱形,若存在,求出点EE的坐标,若不存在,请说明理由.
知识点:二次函数的应用章节:第22章 二次函数 / 22.3 实际问题与二次函数

答案与解析

答案

(1)当y=0y=0时,12x2+2x6=0\frac{1}{2}{x}^{2}+2x-6=0
解得:x1=6x_{1}=-6x2=2x_{2}=2
A(6,0)\therefore A\left(-6,0\right)B(2,0)B\left(2,0\right)
x=0x=0时,y=6y=-6
C(0,6)\therefore C\left(0,-6\right)
(2)B(2,0),C(0,6)(2)\because B\left(2,0\right),C\left(0,-6\right)
设直线BCBC的表达式为:y=kx+by=kx+b
B(2,0)B\left(2,0\right)C(0,6)C\left(0,-6\right)代入得:
{2k+b=00+b=6\left\{\begin{array}{l}2k+b=0\\ 0+b=-6\end{array}\right.
解得:{k=3b=6\left\{\begin{array}{l}k=3\\ b=-6\end{array}\right.
\therefore直线BCBC的函数表达式为y=3x6y=3x-6
(3)(3)在直线ll上存在点EE,使得以点DDCCBBEE为顶点的四边形为菱形;理由如下:
设直线ACAC的表达式为:y=k\’x+b\’y={k\’}x+{b\’}
A(6,0)A\left(-6,0\right)C(0,6)C\left(0,-6\right)代入得:
{6k+b=00+b=6\left\{\begin{array}{l}-6k′+b′=0\\ 0+b′=-6\end{array}\right.
解得:{k=1b=6\left\{\begin{array}{l}k′=-1\\ b′=-6\end{array}\right.
故直线ACAC的表达式为:y=x6y=-x-6
设点DD的坐标为(m,m6)\left(m,-m-6\right),其中6<m<0-6 \lt m \lt 0
B(2,0)\because B\left(2,0\right)C(0,6)C\left(0,-6\right)
BD2=(m2)2+(m+6)2\therefore BD^{2}=\left(m-2\right)^{2}+\left(m+6\right)^{2}BC2=22+62=40BC^{2}=2^{2}+6^{2}=40DC2=m2+(m6+6)2=2m2DC^{2}=m^{2}+\left(-m-6+6\right)^{2}=2m^{2}
DE\because DEBCBC
\thereforeDE=BCDE=BC时,以点DDCCBBEE为顶点的四边形为平行四边形,
分两种情况:
如图11,当BD=BCBD=BC时,四边形BDECBDEC为菱形,

BD2=BC2\therefore BD^{2}=BC^{2}
(m2)2+(m+6)2=40\therefore \left(m-2\right)^{2}+\left(m+6\right)^{2}=40
解得:m1=4m_{1}=-4m2=0(舍去)m_{2}=0(舍去)
\thereforeDD的坐标为(4,2)\left(-4,-2\right)
\becauseBB向左移动22各单位长度,向下移动66个单位长度得到点CC
\thereforeDD向左移动22各单位长度,向下移动66个单位长度得到点EE
\thereforeEE的坐标为(6,8)\left(-6,-8\right)
如图22,当CD=CBCD=CB时,四边形CBEDCBED为菱形,

CD2=CB2\therefore CD^{2}=CB^{2}
2m2=40\therefore 2m^{2}=40
解得:m1=25m2=25(m_{1}=-2\sqrt{5},m_{2}=2\sqrt{5}(舍去),
\thereforeDD的坐标为(25256)(-2\sqrt{5},2\sqrt{5}-6)
\becauseCC向右移动22个单位长度,向上移动66个单位长度得到点BB
\thereforeDD向右移动22个单位长度,向上移动66个单位长度得到点EE
\thereforeEE的坐标为(22525)(2-2\sqrt{5},2\sqrt{5})
综上,存在点EE,使得以点DDCCBBEE为顶点的四边形为菱形,点EE的坐标为(6,8)\left(-6,-8\right)(22525)(2-2\sqrt{5},2\sqrt{5}).

解析

(1)当y=0y=0时,12x2+2x6=0\frac{1}{2}{x}^{2}+2x-6=0
解得:x1=6x_{1}=-6x2=2x_{2}=2
A(6,0)\therefore A\left(-6,0\right)B(2,0)B\left(2,0\right)
x=0x=0时,y=6y=-6
C(0,6)\therefore C\left(0,-6\right)
(2)B(2,0),C(0,6)(2)\because B\left(2,0\right),C\left(0,-6\right)
设直线BCBC的表达式为:y=kx+by=kx+b
B(2,0)B\left(2,0\right)C(0,6)C\left(0,-6\right)代入得:
{2k+b=00+b=6\left\{\begin{array}{l}2k+b=0\\ 0+b=-6\end{array}\right.
解得:{k=3b=6\left\{\begin{array}{l}k=3\\ b=-6\end{array}\right.
\therefore直线BCBC的函数表达式为y=3x6y=3x-6
(3)(3)在直线ll上存在点EE,使得以点DDCCBBEE为顶点的四边形为菱形;理由如下:
设直线ACAC的表达式为:y=k\’x+b\’y={k\’}x+{b\’}
A(6,0)A\left(-6,0\right)C(0,6)C\left(0,-6\right)代入得:
{6k+b=00+b=6\left\{\begin{array}{l}-6k′+b′=0\\ 0+b′=-6\end{array}\right.
解得:{k=1b=6\left\{\begin{array}{l}k′=-1\\ b′=-6\end{array}\right.
故直线ACAC的表达式为:y=x6y=-x-6
设点DD的坐标为(m,m6)\left(m,-m-6\right),其中6<m<0-6 \lt m \lt 0
B(2,0)\because B\left(2,0\right)C(0,6)C\left(0,-6\right)
BD2=(m2)2+(m+6)2\therefore BD^{2}=\left(m-2\right)^{2}+\left(m+6\right)^{2}BC2=22+62=40BC^{2}=2^{2}+6^{2}=40DC2=m2+(m6+6)2=2m2DC^{2}=m^{2}+\left(-m-6+6\right)^{2}=2m^{2}
DE\because DEBCBC
\thereforeDE=BCDE=BC时,以点DDCCBBEE为顶点的四边形为平行四边形,
分两种情况:
如图11,当BD=BCBD=BC时,四边形BDECBDEC为菱形,

BD2=BC2\therefore BD^{2}=BC^{2}
(m2)2+(m+6)2=40\therefore \left(m-2\right)^{2}+\left(m+6\right)^{2}=40
解得:m1=4m_{1}=-4m2=0(舍去)m_{2}=0(舍去)
\thereforeDD的坐标为(4,2)\left(-4,-2\right)
\becauseBB向左移动22各单位长度,向下移动66个单位长度得到点CC
\thereforeDD向左移动22各单位长度,向下移动66个单位长度得到点EE
\thereforeEE的坐标为(6,8)\left(-6,-8\right)
如图22,当CD=CBCD=CB时,四边形CBEDCBED为菱形,

CD2=CB2\therefore CD^{2}=CB^{2}
2m2=40\therefore 2m^{2}=40
解得:m1=25m2=25(m_{1}=-2\sqrt{5},m_{2}=2\sqrt{5}(舍去),
\thereforeDD的坐标为(25256)(-2\sqrt{5},2\sqrt{5}-6)
\becauseCC向右移动22个单位长度,向上移动66个单位长度得到点BB
\thereforeDD向右移动22个单位长度,向上移动66个单位长度得到点EE
\thereforeEE的坐标为(22525)(2-2\sqrt{5},2\sqrt{5})
综上,存在点EE,使得以点DDCCBBEE为顶点的四边形为菱形,点EE的坐标为(6,8)\left(-6,-8\right)(22525)(2-2\sqrt{5},2\sqrt{5}).

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