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九年级数学填空题一般
题目
已知ABC\triangle ABC,以ACAC为边在ABC\triangle ABC外作等腰ACD\triangle ACD,其中AC=ADAC=AD.

(1)(1)如图11,以ABAB为边也在ABC\triangle ABC外作等腰ABE\triangle ABE,其中AB=AEAB=AE,连接BDBDECEC,交于点FF.若DAC=EAB=60\angle DAC=\angle EAB=60^{\circ},则BFC=\angle BFC=______;
(2)(2)如图22,若ABC=30\angle ABC=30^{\circ},ACD\triangle ACD是等边三角形,AB=3AB=3,BC=4BC=4,求BDBD的长;
(3)(3)如图33,若ABC\angle ABC为锐角,作AHBCAH\bot BCHH,当BD2=4AH2+BC2BD^{2}=4AH^{2}+BC^{2}时,试判断DAC\angle DACABC\angle ABC的数量关系,并证明你的结论.
知识点:等腰三角形的性质、旋转的性质章节:第23章 旋转 / 23.1 图形的旋转

答案与解析

答案

(1)DAC=EAB\left(1\right)\because \angle DAC=\angle EAB
DAC+BAC=EAB+BAC\therefore \angle DAC+\angle BAC=\angle EAB+\angle BAC
BAD=EAC\therefore \angle BAD=\angle EAC
ABD\triangle ABDAEC\triangle AEC中,
{AB=AEBAD=EACAD=AC\left\{\begin{array}{l}{AB=AE}\\{∠BAD=∠EAC}\\{AD=AC}\end{array}\right.
ABD\therefore \triangle ABDAEC(SAS)\triangle AEC\left(SAS\right)
ABD=AEC\therefore \angle ABD=\angle AEC
BFC=BEF+EBF=AEBAEC+ABE+ABD=AEB+ABE\therefore \angle BFC=\angle BEF+\angle EBF=\angle AEB-\angle AEC+\angle ABE+\angle ABD=\angle AEB+\angle ABE
EAB=60\because \angle EAB=60^{\circ}
AEB+ABE=120\therefore \angle AEB+\angle ABE=120^{\circ}
BFC=120\therefore \angle BFC=120^{\circ}
故答案为:120120^{\circ}
(2)(2)ABD\triangle ABD绕点AA顺时针旋转6060^{\circ}AEC\triangle AEC,连接BEBE,如图22

由(1)知ABD\triangle ABDAEC\triangle AEC
BD=EC\therefore BD=EC
AB=AE=3\because AB=AE=3EAB=DAC=60\angle EAB=\angle DAC=60^{\circ}
ABE\therefore \triangle ABE是等边三角形,
EB=AB=3\therefore EB=AB=3ABE=60\angle ABE=60^{\circ}
ABC=30\because \angle ABC=30^{\circ}
EBC=90\therefore \angle EBC=90^{\circ}
RtEBCRt\triangle EBC中,EC=EB2+BC2=32+42=5EC=\sqrt{E{B}^{2}+B{C}^{2}}=\sqrt{{3}^{2}+{4}^{2}}=5
BD=5\therefore BD=5
(3)DAC=2ABC(3)\angle DAC=2\angle ABC
证明:过点BBEBBCEB\bot BCBB,使EB=2AHEB=2AH,连接EAEAECEC

EC2=EB2+BC2=4AH2+BC2EC^{2}=EB^{2}+BC^{2}=4AH^{2}+BC^{2}
BD2=4AH2+BC2\because BD^{2}=4AH^{2}+BC^{2}
BD=EC\therefore BD=EC
过点AAAGEBAG\bot EBGG,则四边形AGBHAGBH为矩形,
GB=AH\therefore GB=AH
EB=2AH\because EB=2AH
EB=2GB\therefore EB=2GB
EG=GB\therefore EG=GB
AG\therefore AGBEBE的垂直平分线,
AB=AE\therefore AB=AE
ABD\triangle ABDAEC\triangle AEC中,
{AB=AEAD=ACBD=EC\left\{\begin{array}{l}AB=AE\\ AD=AC\\ BD=EC\end{array}\right.
ABD\therefore \triangle ABDAEC(SSS)\triangle AEC\left(SSS\right)
BAD=EAC\therefore \angle BAD=\angle EAC
BADEAD=EACEAD\therefore \angle BAD-\angle EAD=\angle EAC-\angle EAD
EAB=DAC\angle EAB=\angle DAC
EBC=90\because \angle EBC=90^{\circ}ABC\angle ABC为锐角,
ABC=90EBA\therefore \angle ABC=90^{\circ}-\angle EBA
AB=AE\because AB=AE
EBA=BEA\therefore \angle EBA=\angle BEA
EAB=1802EBA\therefore \angle EAB=180^{\circ}-2\angle EBA
EAB=2ABC\therefore \angle EAB=2\angle ABC
DAC=2ABC\therefore \angle DAC=2\angle ABC.

解析

(1)DAC=EAB\left(1\right)\because \angle DAC=\angle EAB
DAC+BAC=EAB+BAC\therefore \angle DAC+\angle BAC=\angle EAB+\angle BAC
BAD=EAC\therefore \angle BAD=\angle EAC
ABD\triangle ABDAEC\triangle AEC中,
{AB=AEBAD=EACAD=AC\left\{\begin{array}{l}{AB=AE}\\{∠BAD=∠EAC}\\{AD=AC}\end{array}\right.
ABD\therefore \triangle ABDAEC(SAS)\triangle AEC\left(SAS\right)
ABD=AEC\therefore \angle ABD=\angle AEC
BFC=BEF+EBF=AEBAEC+ABE+ABD=AEB+ABE\therefore \angle BFC=\angle BEF+\angle EBF=\angle AEB-\angle AEC+\angle ABE+\angle ABD=\angle AEB+\angle ABE
EAB=60\because \angle EAB=60^{\circ}
AEB+ABE=120\therefore \angle AEB+\angle ABE=120^{\circ}
BFC=120\therefore \angle BFC=120^{\circ}
故答案为:120120^{\circ}
(2)(2)ABD\triangle ABD绕点AA顺时针旋转6060^{\circ}AEC\triangle AEC,连接BEBE,如图22

由(1)知ABD\triangle ABDAEC\triangle AEC
BD=EC\therefore BD=EC
AB=AE=3\because AB=AE=3EAB=DAC=60\angle EAB=\angle DAC=60^{\circ}
ABE\therefore \triangle ABE是等边三角形,
EB=AB=3\therefore EB=AB=3ABE=60\angle ABE=60^{\circ}
ABC=30\because \angle ABC=30^{\circ}
EBC=90\therefore \angle EBC=90^{\circ}
RtEBCRt\triangle EBC中,EC=EB2+BC2=32+42=5EC=\sqrt{E{B}^{2}+B{C}^{2}}=\sqrt{{3}^{2}+{4}^{2}}=5
BD=5\therefore BD=5
(3)DAC=2ABC(3)\angle DAC=2\angle ABC
证明:过点BBEBBCEB\bot BCBB,使EB=2AHEB=2AH,连接EAEAECEC

EC2=EB2+BC2=4AH2+BC2EC^{2}=EB^{2}+BC^{2}=4AH^{2}+BC^{2}
BD2=4AH2+BC2\because BD^{2}=4AH^{2}+BC^{2}
BD=EC\therefore BD=EC
过点AAAGEBAG\bot EBGG,则四边形AGBHAGBH为矩形,
GB=AH\therefore GB=AH
EB=2AH\because EB=2AH
EB=2GB\therefore EB=2GB
EG=GB\therefore EG=GB
AG\therefore AGBEBE的垂直平分线,
AB=AE\therefore AB=AE
ABD\triangle ABDAEC\triangle AEC中,
{AB=AEAD=ACBD=EC\left\{\begin{array}{l}AB=AE\\ AD=AC\\ BD=EC\end{array}\right.
ABD\therefore \triangle ABDAEC(SSS)\triangle AEC\left(SSS\right)
BAD=EAC\therefore \angle BAD=\angle EAC
BADEAD=EACEAD\therefore \angle BAD-\angle EAD=\angle EAC-\angle EAD
EAB=DAC\angle EAB=\angle DAC
EBC=90\because \angle EBC=90^{\circ}ABC\angle ABC为锐角,
ABC=90EBA\therefore \angle ABC=90^{\circ}-\angle EBA
AB=AE\because AB=AE
EBA=BEA\therefore \angle EBA=\angle BEA
EAB=1802EBA\therefore \angle EAB=180^{\circ}-2\angle EBA
EAB=2ABC\therefore \angle EAB=2\angle ABC
DAC=2ABC\therefore \angle DAC=2\angle ABC.

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