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九年级数学解答题一般
题目
如图,抛物线y=14x2+mx+ny=-\frac{1}{4}{x}^{2}+mx+nxx轴相交于BB,CC两点(点BB在点CC的左边),与yy轴相交于点AA,直线ACAC的函数解析式为y=12x+2y=-\frac{1}{2}x+2.
(1)(1)求点AA,CC的坐标;
(2)(2)求抛物线的解析式;
(3)(3)在直线ACAC上方的抛物线上有一点MM,求四边形ABCMABCM面积的最大值及此时点MM的坐标.
知识点:二次函数的性质I、二次函数图象上点的坐标、待定系数法求二次函数的解析式、抛物线与x轴的交点、坐标与图形变换——旋转章节:未标注

答案与解析

答案

(1)对于一次函数y=12x+2y=-\frac{1}{2}x+2.
x=0x=0,得y=2y=2,令y=0y=0,得x=4x=4
A(0,2)\therefore A\left(0,2\right)C(4,0)C\left(4,0\right)
(2)(2)A(0,2)A\left(0,2\right)C(4,0)C\left(4,0\right)代入y=14x2+mx+ny=-\frac{1}{4}{x}^{2}+mx+n得:
{2=n0=14×42+4m+n\left\{\begin{array}{l}2=n\\ 0=-\frac{1}{4}×{4}^{2}+4m+n\end{array}\right.
解得{m=12n=2\left\{\begin{array}{l}m=\frac{1}{2}\\ n=2\end{array}\right.
y=14x2+12x+2\therefore y=-\frac{1}{4}{x}^{2}+\frac{1}{2}x+2
(3)(3)方法一:由(2)可得抛物线对称轴为直线x=1x=1
B(2,0)\therefore B\left(-2,0\right)
SABC=12×2×6=6\therefore S_{\triangle ABC}=\frac{1}{2}\times 2\times 6=6
如图11,过点MM作直线llyy轴交直线ACAC于点NN

M(a14a2+12a+2)M(a,-\frac{1}{4}{a}^{2}+\frac{1}{2}a+2)N(a12a+2)N(a,-\frac{1}{2}a+2)
MN=14a2+12a+2(12a+2)=14a2+a\therefore MN=-\frac{1}{4}{a}^{2}+\frac{1}{2}a+2-(-\frac{1}{2}a+2)=-\frac{1}{4}{a}^{2}+a
S四边形ABCM=6+12×(14a2+a)×4=12(a2)2+8\therefore {S}_{四边形ABCM}=6+\frac{1}{2}×(-\frac{1}{4}{a}^{2}+a)×4=-\frac{1}{2}(a-2)^{2}+8
0<a<4\because 0 \lt a \lt 4
\thereforea=2a=2时,四边形ABCNABCN最大值为88M(2,2)M\left(2,2\right)
方法二:由(1)知:y=14x2+12x+2y=-\frac{1}{4}{x}^{2}+\frac{1}{2}x+2
\therefore抛物线的对称轴是直线x=1x=1
C(4,0)\because C\left(4,0\right)B(2,0)\therefore B\left(-2,0\right)
如图22,连接OMOM,设M(a14a2+12a+2)M(a,-\frac{1}{4}{a}^{2}+\frac{1}{2}a+2)

S四边形ABCM=SABO+SAOM+SCOM\therefore S_{四边形ABCM}=S_{\triangle ABO}+S_{\triangle AOM}+S_{\triangle COM}
=12×2×2+12×2a+12×4(14a2+12a+2)=\frac{1}{2}\times 2\times 2+\frac{1}{2}\times 2a+\frac{1}{2}\times 4(-\frac{1}{4}{a}^{2}+\frac{1}{2}a+2)
=12a2+2a+6=-\frac{1}{2}{a}^{2}+2a+6
=12(a2)2+8=-\frac{1}{2}(a-2)^{2}+8
\thereforea=2a=2时,四边形ABCMABCM的面积有最大值,最大值为88,此时M(2,2)M\left(2,2\right).

解析

(1)对于一次函数y=12x+2y=-\frac{1}{2}x+2.
x=0x=0,得y=2y=2,令y=0y=0,得x=4x=4
A(0,2)\therefore A\left(0,2\right)C(4,0)C\left(4,0\right)
(2)(2)A(0,2)A\left(0,2\right)C(4,0)C\left(4,0\right)代入y=14x2+mx+ny=-\frac{1}{4}{x}^{2}+mx+n得:
{2=n0=14×42+4m+n\left\{\begin{array}{l}2=n\\ 0=-\frac{1}{4}×{4}^{2}+4m+n\end{array}\right.
解得{m=12n=2\left\{\begin{array}{l}m=\frac{1}{2}\\ n=2\end{array}\right.
y=14x2+12x+2\therefore y=-\frac{1}{4}{x}^{2}+\frac{1}{2}x+2
(3)(3)方法一:由(2)可得抛物线对称轴为直线x=1x=1
B(2,0)\therefore B\left(-2,0\right)
SABC=12×2×6=6\therefore S_{\triangle ABC}=\frac{1}{2}\times 2\times 6=6
如图11,过点MM作直线llyy轴交直线ACAC于点NN

M(a14a2+12a+2)M(a,-\frac{1}{4}{a}^{2}+\frac{1}{2}a+2)N(a12a+2)N(a,-\frac{1}{2}a+2)
MN=14a2+12a+2(12a+2)=14a2+a\therefore MN=-\frac{1}{4}{a}^{2}+\frac{1}{2}a+2-(-\frac{1}{2}a+2)=-\frac{1}{4}{a}^{2}+a
S四边形ABCM=6+12×(14a2+a)×4=12(a2)2+8\therefore {S}_{四边形ABCM}=6+\frac{1}{2}×(-\frac{1}{4}{a}^{2}+a)×4=-\frac{1}{2}(a-2)^{2}+8
0<a<4\because 0 \lt a \lt 4
\thereforea=2a=2时,四边形ABCNABCN最大值为88M(2,2)M\left(2,2\right)
方法二:由(1)知:y=14x2+12x+2y=-\frac{1}{4}{x}^{2}+\frac{1}{2}x+2
\therefore抛物线的对称轴是直线x=1x=1
C(4,0)\because C\left(4,0\right)B(2,0)\therefore B\left(-2,0\right)
如图22,连接OMOM,设M(a14a2+12a+2)M(a,-\frac{1}{4}{a}^{2}+\frac{1}{2}a+2)

S四边形ABCM=SABO+SAOM+SCOM\therefore S_{四边形ABCM}=S_{\triangle ABO}+S_{\triangle AOM}+S_{\triangle COM}
=12×2×2+12×2a+12×4(14a2+12a+2)=\frac{1}{2}\times 2\times 2+\frac{1}{2}\times 2a+\frac{1}{2}\times 4(-\frac{1}{4}{a}^{2}+\frac{1}{2}a+2)
=12a2+2a+6=-\frac{1}{2}{a}^{2}+2a+6
=12(a2)2+8=-\frac{1}{2}(a-2)^{2}+8
\thereforea=2a=2时,四边形ABCMABCM的面积有最大值,最大值为88,此时M(2,2)M\left(2,2\right).

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