题目用恰当的方法解方程:
(1)(x−3)2−9=0;
(2)x2+4x−1=0;
(3)x2−3x−2=0;
(4)(x−1)(x+3)=5(x−1).
知识点:整式的除法、因式分解的应用章节:未标注
答案与解析
答案
(1)(x−3)2−9=0,
(x−3+3)(x−3−3)=0,
x−3+3=0或
x−3−3=0,
所以
x1=0,
x2=6;
(2)x2+4x−1=0,
x2+4x=1,
x2+4x+4=5,
(x+2)2=5,
x+2=±5,
所以
x1=5−2,
x2=−5−2;
(3)x2−3x−2=0,
a=1,
b=−3,
c=−2,
∵Δ=9−4×1×(−2)=9+8=17>0,
∴x=23±17,
∴x1=23+17,
x2=23−17;
(4)(x−1)(x+3)=5(x−1),
(x−1)(x+3)−5(x−1)=0,
(x−1)(x+3−5)=0,
(x−1)(x−2)=0,
x−1=0或
x+3−5=0,
所以
x1=1,
x2=2.
解析
(1)(x−3)2−9=0,
(x−3+3)(x−3−3)=0,
x−3+3=0或
x−3−3=0,
所以
x1=0,
x2=6;
(2)x2+4x−1=0,
x2+4x=1,
x2+4x+4=5,
(x+2)2=5,
x+2=±5,
所以
x1=5−2,
x2=−5−2;
(3)x2−3x−2=0,
a=1,
b=−3,
c=−2,
∵Δ=9−4×1×(−2)=9+8=17>0,
∴x=23±17,
∴x1=23+17,
x2=23−17;
(4)(x−1)(x+3)=5(x−1),
(x−1)(x+3)−5(x−1)=0,
(x−1)(x+3−5)=0,
(x−1)(x−2)=0,
x−1=0或
x+3−5=0,
所以
x1=1,
x2=2.