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八年级数学解答题一般
题目
已知在平面直角坐标系中,点AA的坐标是(0,2)\left(0,2\right),点PP是第一象限内一动点.
(1)(1)①:如图①.若动点P(a,b)P\left(a,b\right)满足3a9+(3b)2=0|3a-9|+\left(3-b\right)^{2}=0,且PAPBPA\bot PB,求点BB的坐标.
②:如图②,在第(1)问的条件下,将APB\angle APB逆时针旋转至如图CPD\angle CPD所示位置,求ODOCOD-OC的值.
(2)(2)如图③,若点AA与点A\’{A\’}关于xx轴对称,且BMPA\’BM\bot PA\’,若动点PP满足APA\’=2OBA\’\angle APA\’=2\angle OBA\’,问:PAPAPM\frac{{P{A′}-PA}}{{PM}}的值是否发生变化?若变化,请说明理由,若不变化,请求出其值.
知识点:绝对值的性质、二次根式、点的坐标、非负数的性质:偶次方、三角形的面积章节:未标注

答案与解析

答案

(1)①如图①中,作PEOAPE\bot OAEEPFOBPF\bot OBFF.

3a9+(3b)2=0\because |3a-9|+\left(3-b\right)^{2}=0
3a90\because |3a-9|\geqslant 0(3b)20\left(3-b\right)^{2}\geqslant 0
3a9=0\therefore 3a-9=03b=03-b=0
a=b=3\therefore a=b=3.
PE=PF=3\therefore PE=PF=3
PEO=PFO=EOF=90\because \angle PEO=\angle PFO=\angle EOF=90^{\circ}
\therefore四边形PEOFPEOF是矩形,
PE=PF\because PE=PF
\therefore四边形PEOFPEOF是正方形,
EPF=APB=90\therefore \angle EPF=\angle APB=90^{\circ}PE=OF=3PE=OF=3
APE=BPF\therefore \angle APE=\angle BPF
PEA=PFB=90\because \angle PEA=\angle PFB=90^{\circ}
PEA\therefore \triangle PEAPFB(ASA)\triangle PFB\left(ASA\right)
AE=FB\therefore AE=FB
A(0,2)\because A\left(0,2\right)
OA=2\therefore OA=2
AE=BF=1\therefore AE=BF=1
OB=4\therefore OB=4
B(4,0)\therefore B\left(4,0\right).

②如图②中,

由①可知PAC=PBD\angle PAC=\angle PBDPA=PBPA=PB
APB=CPD\because \angle APB=\angle CPD
APC=BPD\therefore \angle APC=\angle BPD
APC\therefore \triangle APCBPD(ASA)\triangle BPD\left(ASA\right)
AC=BD\therefore AC=BD
ODOC=OB+BD(ACOA)=BO+OA=4+2=6\therefore OD-OC=OB+BD-\left(AC-OA\right)=BO+OA=4+2=6.

(2)(2)如图33中,作BEAPBE\bot APAPAP的延长线于EEABABPA\’PA\’NN.

OA=OA\’\because OA=OA\’OBAA\’OB\bot AA\’
BA=BA\’\therefore BA=BA\’
OBA=OBA\’\therefore \angle OBA=\angle OBA\’
APA\’=2OBA\’\because \angle APA\’=2\angle OBA\’
APN=A\’BN\therefore \angle APN=\angle {A\’}BN
EAB=BA\’M\therefore \angle EAB=\angle BA\’M
BMPA\’\because BM\bot PA\’BEAEBE\bot AE
A\’MB=E=90\therefore \angle {A\’}MB=\angle E=90^{\circ}
A\’MB\therefore \triangle {A\’}MBAEB(AAS)\triangle AEB\left(AAS\right)
BE=BM\therefore BE=BMAE=A\’MAE={A\’}M
PB=PB\because PB=PBBMP=E=90\angle BMP=\angle E=90^{\circ}
RtPBM\therefore Rt\triangle PBMRtPBE(HL)Rt\triangle PBE\left(HL\right)
PM=PE\therefore PM=PE
PA\’PA=PM+A\’M(AEPE)=2PM\therefore PA\’-PA=PM+{A\’}M-\left(AE-PE\right)=2PM
PAPAPM=2\therefore \frac{PA′-PA}{PM}=2.

解析

(1)①如图①中,作PEOAPE\bot OAEEPFOBPF\bot OBFF.

3a9+(3b)2=0\because |3a-9|+\left(3-b\right)^{2}=0
3a90\because |3a-9|\geqslant 0(3b)20\left(3-b\right)^{2}\geqslant 0
3a9=0\therefore 3a-9=03b=03-b=0
a=b=3\therefore a=b=3.
PE=PF=3\therefore PE=PF=3
PEO=PFO=EOF=90\because \angle PEO=\angle PFO=\angle EOF=90^{\circ}
\therefore四边形PEOFPEOF是矩形,
PE=PF\because PE=PF
\therefore四边形PEOFPEOF是正方形,
EPF=APB=90\therefore \angle EPF=\angle APB=90^{\circ}PE=OF=3PE=OF=3
APE=BPF\therefore \angle APE=\angle BPF
PEA=PFB=90\because \angle PEA=\angle PFB=90^{\circ}
PEA\therefore \triangle PEAPFB(ASA)\triangle PFB\left(ASA\right)
AE=FB\therefore AE=FB
A(0,2)\because A\left(0,2\right)
OA=2\therefore OA=2
AE=BF=1\therefore AE=BF=1
OB=4\therefore OB=4
B(4,0)\therefore B\left(4,0\right).

②如图②中,

由①可知PAC=PBD\angle PAC=\angle PBDPA=PBPA=PB
APB=CPD\because \angle APB=\angle CPD
APC=BPD\therefore \angle APC=\angle BPD
APC\therefore \triangle APCBPD(ASA)\triangle BPD\left(ASA\right)
AC=BD\therefore AC=BD
ODOC=OB+BD(ACOA)=BO+OA=4+2=6\therefore OD-OC=OB+BD-\left(AC-OA\right)=BO+OA=4+2=6.

(2)(2)如图33中,作BEAPBE\bot APAPAP的延长线于EEABABPA\’PA\’NN.

OA=OA\’\because OA=OA\’OBAA\’OB\bot AA\’
BA=BA\’\therefore BA=BA\’
OBA=OBA\’\therefore \angle OBA=\angle OBA\’
APA\’=2OBA\’\because \angle APA\’=2\angle OBA\’
APN=A\’BN\therefore \angle APN=\angle {A\’}BN
EAB=BA\’M\therefore \angle EAB=\angle BA\’M
BMPA\’\because BM\bot PA\’BEAEBE\bot AE
A\’MB=E=90\therefore \angle {A\’}MB=\angle E=90^{\circ}
A\’MB\therefore \triangle {A\’}MBAEB(AAS)\triangle AEB\left(AAS\right)
BE=BM\therefore BE=BMAE=A\’MAE={A\’}M
PB=PB\because PB=PBBMP=E=90\angle BMP=\angle E=90^{\circ}
RtPBM\therefore Rt\triangle PBMRtPBE(HL)Rt\triangle PBE\left(HL\right)
PM=PE\therefore PM=PE
PA\’PA=PM+A\’M(AEPE)=2PM\therefore PA\’-PA=PM+{A\’}M-\left(AE-PE\right)=2PM
PAPAPM=2\therefore \frac{PA′-PA}{PM}=2.

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