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八年级数学填空题一般
题目
如图,菱形ABCDABCD的对角线ACAC,BDBD相交于点OO,点PPABAB边上一动点(不与点AA,BB重合),PEOA),PE\bot OA于点EE,PFOBPF\bot OB于点FF,若AB=2AB=2,BAD=60\angle BAD=60^{\circ},则EFEF的最小值为______.
知识点:矩形的性质、正方形的性质、等边三角形的判定与性质、弦切角定理、圆的综合题、相似三角形的判定与性质章节:未标注

答案与解析

答案

连接OPOP

\because四边形ABCDABCD是菱形,
ACBD\therefore AC\bot BDCAB=12DAB=30°∠CAB=\frac{1}{2}∠DAB=30°
PEOA\because PE\bot OA于点EEPFOBPF\bot OB于点FF
EOF=OEP=OFP=90\therefore \angle EOF=\angle OEP=\angle OFP=90^{\circ}
\therefore四边形OEPFOEPF是矩形,
EF=OP\therefore EF=OP
\becauseOPOP取最小值时,EFEF的值最小,
\thereforeOPABOP\bot AB时,OPOP最小,
AB=2\because AB=2
OB=12AB=1\therefore OB=\frac{1}{2}AB=1OA=32AB=3OA=\frac{{\sqrt{3}}}{2}AB=\sqrt{3}
SABO=12OAOB=12ABOP\therefore {S_{△ABO}}=\frac{1}{2}OA⋅OB=\frac{1}{2}AB⋅OPSABO=12OAOB=12ABOPS_{\triangle ABO}=\frac{1}{2}OA\cdot OB=\frac{1}{2}AB\cdot OP
OP=1×32=32\therefore OP=\frac{{1×\sqrt{3}}}{2}=\frac{{\sqrt{3}}}{2}
EF\therefore EF的最小值为32\frac{{\sqrt{3}}}{2}
故答案为:32\frac{{\sqrt{3}}}{2}.

解析

连接OPOP

\because四边形ABCDABCD是菱形,
ACBD\therefore AC\bot BDCAB=12DAB=30°∠CAB=\frac{1}{2}∠DAB=30°
PEOA\because PE\bot OA于点EEPFOBPF\bot OB于点FF
EOF=OEP=OFP=90\therefore \angle EOF=\angle OEP=\angle OFP=90^{\circ}
\therefore四边形OEPFOEPF是矩形,
EF=OP\therefore EF=OP
\becauseOPOP取最小值时,EFEF的值最小,
\thereforeOPABOP\bot AB时,OPOP最小,
AB=2\because AB=2
OB=12AB=1\therefore OB=\frac{1}{2}AB=1OA=32AB=3OA=\frac{{\sqrt{3}}}{2}AB=\sqrt{3}
SABO=12OAOB=12ABOP\therefore {S_{△ABO}}=\frac{1}{2}OA⋅OB=\frac{1}{2}AB⋅OPSABO=12OAOB=12ABOPS_{\triangle ABO}=\frac{1}{2}OA\cdot OB=\frac{1}{2}AB\cdot OP
OP=1×32=32\therefore OP=\frac{{1×\sqrt{3}}}{2}=\frac{{\sqrt{3}}}{2}
EF\therefore EF的最小值为32\frac{{\sqrt{3}}}{2}
故答案为:32\frac{{\sqrt{3}}}{2}.

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