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九年级数学解答题一般
题目
已知三个不同的实数aa,bb,cc满足ab+c=3a-b+c=3.方程x2+ax+1=0x^{2}+ax+1=0x2+bx+c=0x^{2}+bx+c=0有一个相同的实根,方程x2+x+a=0x^{2}+x+a=0x2+cx+b=0x^{2}+cx+b=0也有一个相同的实根,求aa,bb,cc的值.
(1)(1)用含aa,bb,cc的式子表示方程x2+ax+1=0x^{2}+ax+1=0x2+bx+c=0x^{2}+bx+c=0的一个相同实数根x1x_{1}
(2)(2)求实数aa,bb,cc的值.
知识点:一元二次方程的解章节:第21章 一元二次方程 / 21.2 一元二次方程的解法 / 21.2.1 特殊的一元二次方程的解法

答案与解析

答案

(1)设方程x2+ax+1=0x^{2}+ax+1=0x2+bx+c=0x^{2}+bx+c=0有一个相同的实根x1x_{1}
{x12+ax1+1=0x12+bx1+c=0\therefore \left\{\begin{array}{l}{{x}_{1}^{2}+a{x}_{1}+1=0①}\\{{x}_{1}^{2}+b{x}_{1}+c=0②}\end{array}\right.
-②得:(ab)x1+1c=0\left(a-b\right)x_{1}+1-c=0
x1=c1ab(ab)\therefore {x}_{1}=\frac{c-1}{a-b}(a\neq b)
(2)(2)设方程x2+x+a=0x^{2}+x+a=0x2+cx+b=0x^{2}+cx+b=0也有一个相同的实根为x2x_{2}
{x22+x2+a=0x22+cx2+b=0\therefore \left\{\begin{array}{l}{{{x}_{2}}^{2}+{x}_{2}+a=0①}\\{{{x}_{2}}^{2}+c{x}_{2}+b=0②}\end{array}\right.
-②得:(1c)x2+ab=0\left(1-c\right)x_{2}+a-b=0
x2=abc1\therefore x_{2}=\frac{a-b}{c-1}
\because方程x2+ax+1=0x^{2}+ax+1=0的一个实数根为x1=c1ab(ab){x}_{1}=\frac{c-1}{a-b}(a\neq b);设另一个实数根为α\alpha
αx1=1\therefore \alpha \cdot x_{1}=1
α=1x1=abc1\therefore \alpha =\frac{1}{{x}_{1}}=\frac{a-b}{c-1}
α=x2\therefore \alpha =x_{2}
x2\therefore x_{2}是方程x2+ax+1=0x^{2}+ax+1=0的实数根;
x2x_{2}x2+ax+1=0x^{2}+ax+1=0和方程x2+x+a=0x^{2}+x+a=0的实数根,
{x22+ax2+1=0x22+x2+a=0\therefore \left\{\begin{array}{l}{{x}_{2}^{2}+a{x}_{2}+1=0}\\{{x}_{2}^{2}+{x}_{2}+a=0}\end{array}\right.
将上述方程组中的两个方程相减得:(a1)x2+1a=0\left(a-1\right)x_{2}+1-a=0
a1a\neq 1时,得:x2=1x_{2}=1
x2=1x_{2}=1代入方程x2+x+a=0x^{2}+x+a=0,得:12+1+a=01^{2}+1+a=0
解得:a=2a=-2
x2+cx+b=0\because x^{2}+cx+b=0有一个实数根是x2x_{2}
12+c×1+b=0\therefore 1^{2}+c\times 1+b=0
b+c=1\therefore b+c=-1
ab+c=3\because a-b+c=3.
{b+c=1b+c=5\therefore \left\{\begin{array}{l}{b+c=-1}\\{-b+c=5}\end{array}\right.
解得c=2c=2b=3b=-3.
即:a=2a=-2b=3b=-3c=2c=2.

解析

(1)设方程x2+ax+1=0x^{2}+ax+1=0x2+bx+c=0x^{2}+bx+c=0有一个相同的实根x1x_{1}
{x12+ax1+1=0x12+bx1+c=0\therefore \left\{\begin{array}{l}{{x}_{1}^{2}+a{x}_{1}+1=0①}\\{{x}_{1}^{2}+b{x}_{1}+c=0②}\end{array}\right.
-②得:(ab)x1+1c=0\left(a-b\right)x_{1}+1-c=0
x1=c1ab(ab)\therefore {x}_{1}=\frac{c-1}{a-b}(a\neq b)
(2)(2)设方程x2+x+a=0x^{2}+x+a=0x2+cx+b=0x^{2}+cx+b=0也有一个相同的实根为x2x_{2}
{x22+x2+a=0x22+cx2+b=0\therefore \left\{\begin{array}{l}{{{x}_{2}}^{2}+{x}_{2}+a=0①}\\{{{x}_{2}}^{2}+c{x}_{2}+b=0②}\end{array}\right.
-②得:(1c)x2+ab=0\left(1-c\right)x_{2}+a-b=0
x2=abc1\therefore x_{2}=\frac{a-b}{c-1}
\because方程x2+ax+1=0x^{2}+ax+1=0的一个实数根为x1=c1ab(ab){x}_{1}=\frac{c-1}{a-b}(a\neq b);设另一个实数根为α\alpha
αx1=1\therefore \alpha \cdot x_{1}=1
α=1x1=abc1\therefore \alpha =\frac{1}{{x}_{1}}=\frac{a-b}{c-1}
α=x2\therefore \alpha =x_{2}
x2\therefore x_{2}是方程x2+ax+1=0x^{2}+ax+1=0的实数根;
x2x_{2}x2+ax+1=0x^{2}+ax+1=0和方程x2+x+a=0x^{2}+x+a=0的实数根,
{x22+ax2+1=0x22+x2+a=0\therefore \left\{\begin{array}{l}{{x}_{2}^{2}+a{x}_{2}+1=0}\\{{x}_{2}^{2}+{x}_{2}+a=0}\end{array}\right.
将上述方程组中的两个方程相减得:(a1)x2+1a=0\left(a-1\right)x_{2}+1-a=0
a1a\neq 1时,得:x2=1x_{2}=1
x2=1x_{2}=1代入方程x2+x+a=0x^{2}+x+a=0,得:12+1+a=01^{2}+1+a=0
解得:a=2a=-2
x2+cx+b=0\because x^{2}+cx+b=0有一个实数根是x2x_{2}
12+c×1+b=0\therefore 1^{2}+c\times 1+b=0
b+c=1\therefore b+c=-1
ab+c=3\because a-b+c=3.
{b+c=1b+c=5\therefore \left\{\begin{array}{l}{b+c=-1}\\{-b+c=5}\end{array}\right.
解得c=2c=2b=3b=-3.
即:a=2a=-2b=3b=-3c=2c=2.

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