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九年级数学填空题一般
题目
在矩形ABCDABCD中,AB=3cmAB=3cm,BC=6cmBC=6cm,点EE在直线ADAD上,且DE=2cmDE=2cm,则点EE到矩形对角线所在直线的距离是______cm.cm.
知识点:矩形的性质、相似多边形的性质章节:第9章 图形的相似 / 9.3 相似多边形

答案与解析

答案

\because四边形ABCDABCD是矩形,AB=4AB=4BC=8BC=8
AD=BC=8\therefore AD=BC=8CD=AB=4CD=AB=4AC=AD2+CD2=42+82=45AC=\sqrt{AD^2+CD^2}=\sqrt{4^2+8^2}=4\sqrt{5}
sinCAD=CDAC=445=55\therefore sin∠CAD=\frac{CD}{AC}=\frac{4}{4\sqrt{5}}=\frac{\sqrt{5}}{5}cosCAD=845=255cos∠CAD=\frac{8}{4\sqrt{5}}=\frac{2\sqrt{5}}{5}tanCAD=48=12tan∠CAD=\frac{4}{8}=\frac{1}{2}
如图所示,设ACACBDBD交于点OO,点E1E_{1}在线段ADAD上,E2E_{2}ADAD的延长线上,过点E1E_{1}E2E_{2}ACACBDBD的垂线,垂足分别为F1F_{1}F2F_{2}F3F_{3}
AO=DO\because AO=DO
OAD=ODA\therefore \angle OAD=\angle ODA
①当EE在线段ADAD上时,AE1=ADDE=82=6AE_{1}=AD-DE=8-2=6
RtΔAE1F1Rt\Delta AE_{1}F_{1}中,E1F1=AE1sinCAD=55×6=655E_1F_1=AE_1•sin∠CAD=\frac{\sqrt{5}}{5}×6=\frac{6\sqrt{5}}{5}
OAD=ODA\because \angle OAD=\angle ODA
RtΔE1F2DRt\Delta E_{1}F_{2}D中,E1F2=DE1sinE1DF2=2×55=255E_1F_2=DE_1sin∠E_1DF_2=2×\frac{\sqrt{5}}{5}=\frac{2\sqrt{5}}{5}
②当EE在射线ADAD上时,
RtDCE2Rt\triangle DCE_{2}中,tanDCE2=24=12tan∠DCE_2=\frac{2}{4}=\frac{1}{2}
CAD=DCE\therefore \angle CAD=\angle DCE
DCE+DCA=90\therefore \angle DCE+\angle DCA=90^{\circ}
E2CAC\therefore E_{2}C\bot AC
E2C=DE2+DC2=22+42=25\therefore E_2C=\sqrt{DE^2+DC^2}=\sqrt{2^2+4^2}=2\sqrt{5}
RtΔDE2F3Rt\Delta DE_{2}F_{3}中,E2F3=DE2×sinE2DF3=DE2×55=255E_2F_3=DE_2×sin∠E_2DF_3=DE_2×\frac{\sqrt{5}}{5}=\frac{2\sqrt{5}}{5}
综上所述,点EE到对角线所在直线的距离为:255\frac{2\sqrt{5}}{5}655\frac{6\sqrt{5}}{5}252\sqrt{5}
故答案为:255\frac{2\sqrt{5}}{5}655\frac{6\sqrt{5}}{5}252\sqrt{5}.

解析

\because四边形ABCDABCD是矩形,AB=4AB=4BC=8BC=8
AD=BC=8\therefore AD=BC=8CD=AB=4CD=AB=4AC=AD2+CD2=42+82=45AC=\sqrt{AD^2+CD^2}=\sqrt{4^2+8^2}=4\sqrt{5}
sinCAD=CDAC=445=55\therefore sin∠CAD=\frac{CD}{AC}=\frac{4}{4\sqrt{5}}=\frac{\sqrt{5}}{5}cosCAD=845=255cos∠CAD=\frac{8}{4\sqrt{5}}=\frac{2\sqrt{5}}{5}tanCAD=48=12tan∠CAD=\frac{4}{8}=\frac{1}{2}
如图所示,设ACACBDBD交于点OO,点E1E_{1}在线段ADAD上,E2E_{2}ADAD的延长线上,过点E1E_{1}E2E_{2}ACACBDBD的垂线,垂足分别为F1F_{1}F2F_{2}F3F_{3}
AO=DO\because AO=DO
OAD=ODA\therefore \angle OAD=\angle ODA
①当EE在线段ADAD上时,AE1=ADDE=82=6AE_{1}=AD-DE=8-2=6
RtΔAE1F1Rt\Delta AE_{1}F_{1}中,E1F1=AE1sinCAD=55×6=655E_1F_1=AE_1•sin∠CAD=\frac{\sqrt{5}}{5}×6=\frac{6\sqrt{5}}{5}
OAD=ODA\because \angle OAD=\angle ODA
RtΔE1F2DRt\Delta E_{1}F_{2}D中,E1F2=DE1sinE1DF2=2×55=255E_1F_2=DE_1sin∠E_1DF_2=2×\frac{\sqrt{5}}{5}=\frac{2\sqrt{5}}{5}
②当EE在射线ADAD上时,
RtDCE2Rt\triangle DCE_{2}中,tanDCE2=24=12tan∠DCE_2=\frac{2}{4}=\frac{1}{2}
CAD=DCE\therefore \angle CAD=\angle DCE
DCE+DCA=90\therefore \angle DCE+\angle DCA=90^{\circ}
E2CAC\therefore E_{2}C\bot AC
E2C=DE2+DC2=22+42=25\therefore E_2C=\sqrt{DE^2+DC^2}=\sqrt{2^2+4^2}=2\sqrt{5}
RtΔDE2F3Rt\Delta DE_{2}F_{3}中,E2F3=DE2×sinE2DF3=DE2×55=255E_2F_3=DE_2×sin∠E_2DF_3=DE_2×\frac{\sqrt{5}}{5}=\frac{2\sqrt{5}}{5}
综上所述,点EE到对角线所在直线的距离为:255\frac{2\sqrt{5}}{5}655\frac{6\sqrt{5}}{5}252\sqrt{5}
故答案为:255\frac{2\sqrt{5}}{5}655\frac{6\sqrt{5}}{5}252\sqrt{5}.

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