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九年级数学填空题一般
题目
如图,在矩形ABCDABCD中,EEADAD边的中点,BEACBE\bot AC,垂足为点FF.
(1)(1)求证:FC=2FAFC=2FA
(2)(2)EF=1EF=1,则ACAC的长为______;
(3)(3)连接DFDF,求证:DC=DFDC=DF.
知识点:等腰直角三角形、勾股定理、勾股定理的性质、平行四边形的性质、矩形的判定、全等三角形的判定与性质章节:第4章 三角形 / 4.1 认识三角形

答案与解析

答案

(1)(1)证明:\because四边形ABCDABCD为矩形,
AD\therefore ADBC,AD=BC,BAD=ADC=90BC,AD=BC,\angle BAD=\angle ADC=90^{\circ}
AEF\therefore \triangle AEFCBF\triangle CBF
AEBC=FAFC\therefore \frac{AE}{BC}=\frac{FA}{FC}
\becauseEEADAD的中点,
AE=ED\therefore AE=ED
AEAD=12\therefore \frac{AE}{AD}=\frac{1}{2}
即:AEBC=12\frac{AE}{BC}=\frac{1}{2}
FAFC=12\therefore \frac{FA}{FC}=\frac{1}{2}
FC=2FA\therefore FC=2FA.
(2)(2)过点DDDHACDH\bot AC于点HH

BEAC\because BE\bot AC
BE\therefore BEDHDH
又点EEADAD的中点,
EF\therefore EFADH\triangle ADH的中位线,
DH=2EF=2\therefore DH=2EF=2FA=FHFA=FH
由(1)知:FC=2FAFC=2FA
CH+FH=2FA\therefore CH+FH=2FA
CH=FH=FA\therefore CH=FH=FA
AC=3FA\therefore AC=3FA
AE=aAE=aAB=bAB=bFA=xFA=x
AD=2aAD=2aCD=bCD=bCH=FH=FA=xCH=FH=FA=xAC=3xAC=3x
BAD=90\because \angle BAD=90^{\circ}
BAF+DAC=90\therefore \angle BAF+\angle DAC=90^{\circ}
BEACBE\bot AC
ABE+BAF=90\therefore \angle ABE+\angle BAF=90^{\circ}
ABE=DAC\therefore \angle ABE=\angle DAC
BAD=ADC=90\angle BAD=\angle ADC=90^{\circ}
BAE\therefore \triangle BAEADC\triangle ADC
ABAD=AECD\therefore \frac{AB}{AD}=\frac{AE}{CD}
即:b2a=ab\frac{b}{2a}=\frac{a}{b}
b2=2a2\therefore b^{2}=2a^{2}
RtADHRt\triangle ADH中,AD=2aAD=2aAH=2xAH=2xDH=2DH=2
由勾股定理得:AD2=AH2+DH2AD^{2}=AH^{2}+DH^{2}
即:(2a)2=(2x)2+4\left(2a\right)^{2}=\left(2x\right)^{2}+4
a2=x2+1\therefore a^{2}=x^{2}+1
RtCDHRt\triangle CDH中,DH=2DH=2DC=bDC=bCH=xCH=x
由勾股定理得:CD2=DH2+CH2CD^{2}=DH^{2}+CH^{2}
即:b2=x2+4b^{2}=x^{2}+4
x2+4=2(x2+1)\therefore x^{2}+4=2(x^{2}+1)
解得:x=2(x=\sqrt{2}(舍去负值),
AC=3x=32\therefore AC=3x=3\sqrt{2}.
故答案为:323\sqrt{2}
(3)(3)证明:由(2)知:CH=HFCH=HFDHCFDH\bot CF
DH\therefore DH为线段FHFH的垂直平分线,
DF=DC\therefore DF=DC

解析

(1)(1)证明:\because四边形ABCDABCD为矩形,
AD\therefore ADBC,AD=BC,BAD=ADC=90BC,AD=BC,\angle BAD=\angle ADC=90^{\circ}
AEF\therefore \triangle AEFCBF\triangle CBF
AEBC=FAFC\therefore \frac{AE}{BC}=\frac{FA}{FC}
\becauseEEADAD的中点,
AE=ED\therefore AE=ED
AEAD=12\therefore \frac{AE}{AD}=\frac{1}{2}
即:AEBC=12\frac{AE}{BC}=\frac{1}{2}
FAFC=12\therefore \frac{FA}{FC}=\frac{1}{2}
FC=2FA\therefore FC=2FA.
(2)(2)过点DDDHACDH\bot AC于点HH

BEAC\because BE\bot AC
BE\therefore BEDHDH
又点EEADAD的中点,
EF\therefore EFADH\triangle ADH的中位线,
DH=2EF=2\therefore DH=2EF=2FA=FHFA=FH
由(1)知:FC=2FAFC=2FA
CH+FH=2FA\therefore CH+FH=2FA
CH=FH=FA\therefore CH=FH=FA
AC=3FA\therefore AC=3FA
AE=aAE=aAB=bAB=bFA=xFA=x
AD=2aAD=2aCD=bCD=bCH=FH=FA=xCH=FH=FA=xAC=3xAC=3x
BAD=90\because \angle BAD=90^{\circ}
BAF+DAC=90\therefore \angle BAF+\angle DAC=90^{\circ}
BEACBE\bot AC
ABE+BAF=90\therefore \angle ABE+\angle BAF=90^{\circ}
ABE=DAC\therefore \angle ABE=\angle DAC
BAD=ADC=90\angle BAD=\angle ADC=90^{\circ}
BAE\therefore \triangle BAEADC\triangle ADC
ABAD=AECD\therefore \frac{AB}{AD}=\frac{AE}{CD}
即:b2a=ab\frac{b}{2a}=\frac{a}{b}
b2=2a2\therefore b^{2}=2a^{2}
RtADHRt\triangle ADH中,AD=2aAD=2aAH=2xAH=2xDH=2DH=2
由勾股定理得:AD2=AH2+DH2AD^{2}=AH^{2}+DH^{2}
即:(2a)2=(2x)2+4\left(2a\right)^{2}=\left(2x\right)^{2}+4
a2=x2+1\therefore a^{2}=x^{2}+1
RtCDHRt\triangle CDH中,DH=2DH=2DC=bDC=bCH=xCH=x
由勾股定理得:CD2=DH2+CH2CD^{2}=DH^{2}+CH^{2}
即:b2=x2+4b^{2}=x^{2}+4
x2+4=2(x2+1)\therefore x^{2}+4=2(x^{2}+1)
解得:x=2(x=\sqrt{2}(舍去负值),
AC=3x=32\therefore AC=3x=3\sqrt{2}.
故答案为:323\sqrt{2}
(3)(3)证明:由(2)知:CH=HFCH=HFDHCFDH\bot CF
DH\therefore DH为线段FHFH的垂直平分线,
DF=DC\therefore DF=DC

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